ABSTRACT
A 58-years-old man came to the hospital because of progressive intellectual deterioration, gait disturbance and postural instability for 6 months. Neuropsychological tests showed severe impairment of memory and executive functions, and dural arteriovenous fistula of the superior sagittal sinus (dAVF of SSS) was found on brain MRI and angiography. The symptoms were markedly improved after selective transvascular embolization treatments. Even though the dAVF of SSS is a rare cause of dementia, we suggest that it can be one of the treatable causes of dementia.
Subject(s)
Angiography , Brain , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations , Dementia , Executive Function , Gait , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Memory , Neuropsychological Tests , Superior Sagittal SinusABSTRACT
Sjogren's syndrome is a slowly progressive autoimmune disorder that predominantly affects major exocrine glands, and may also involve the central nervous system (CNS). It is sometimes very difficult to differentiate the CNS Sjogren's syndrome from multiple sclerosis. Here, we report two cases of Sjogren's syndrome who developed variable neurological symptoms mimicking the relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis. There had been several relapses during the course of interferon-beta treatment but no relapses have occurred after steroid maintenance therapy.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System , Exocrine Glands , Interferon-beta , Multiple Sclerosis , Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting , Recurrence , Sjogren's SyndromeABSTRACT
CNS infection due to Listeria monocytogenes is a rare condition that occurs primarily in immunocompromised patients. A predilection for the brainstem has been proposed but definite abscess formation is extremely rare. We report a case of necrotizing meningoencephalitis with diffuse extensive abscesses caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a chronic diabetic patient, whose diagnosis was based on blood culture and MRI findings.
Subject(s)
Humans , Abscess , Brain Abscess , Brain Stem , Brain , Diagnosis , Immunocompromised Host , Listeria monocytogenes , Listeria , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , MeningoencephalitisABSTRACT
Spitting as an ictal phenomenon has rarely been reported. It is considered to indicate a seizure onset in the nondominant temporal lobe. Three cases with ictal spitting were found in 81 consecutive patients who underwent temporal lobe resections due to intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Two had evidence of the right temporal ictal onset. One had the left temporal ictal onset, but the Wada test demonstrated language dominance in the right hemisphere. Three all had mesial temporal sclerosis. One had recollection of her episodes of spitting with a gustatory aura, whereas the other patients had no awareness of this symptom. These cases support previous studies suggesting that spitting is a lateralizing sign to nondominant temporal lobe epilepsy.